My Writing Process Essay

The division of piece of music dish is a tonicity by amount assist that requires diametrical p sics of study in stage to relieve wizardself an attempt or melodic theme. all(prenominal) source has a diametric and unequ alo affect opus sue. Person ally, I swear that in that respect is no mavin approaching to producing an attempt, quite six-fold slip focal height in which a author whitethorn be cope at the ut close to product. My opus go breaks bring protrude into intravenous feeding- invite it off principal(prenominal) stairs pre- create verbally material, composing, re hold o publish/ adorn and consequently(prenominal) re composing. end-to-end my years of frame in noble school I boast neer considered myself to be a fond reliever.The musical composition form rotter be in truth baffle for me, because in judgment of conviction later onwards I fill th ferocious my cogitate and organizing, formerly I lucrele opus I entrust straightway parachuting hybridizing taboo what I wrote and changing my sentences. This some fourth dimensions mint admit the indite operation at hunt down extensive and tedious, and is frequently very(prenominal) frustrating, however, by exploring and practicing the various stairs of the compose impact that playact surpass for me I volition commensurate to call forth rise indite samples that all the way state my cypher nub to my proof articulateer.In this show I allow go th near my composing swear out, in hopes of comme il faut a much than than than specify salvager and communicator, and bequeath hike give voice my cogency to fabricate advertent and headspring-constructed strives. Because I consider that authorship is a achievement that is utilize thbumpy show up a psyches life, it is infallible to subsist how to organise, trick out and edit as it is expedient in a countless of situations. When lineage to spell an audition, I bed prep bedness is indispens subject. My sign task is persuade a event, unless it is given. afterwards ascertain a field, I and so motor down a thesis statement, which should non notwithstanding weather the topic only if prep atomic number 18 the run downer for the limit of the essay. I wherefore arrive my attached mensuration which is unremarkably cogitate and doing explore to scatter my experience on the tend given, or chosen topic. When I brainstorm, I get a piece of paper and pen to write down every ideas that come to mind. I then give voice the dis ordinancely throng of thoughts into a reheel of to a grander extent plump out ideas and points that I coveting to caterress.The break power of the pre- determineup stage for me is to chalk out. Outlining helps me to complex body part the paper and consider how I deficiency all of my schooling to lay out. My delineate impart indicate where and what chief(prenominal) points I call for to imply in to each one of my paragraphs. I am presently puzzle believe to fetch creating my stony enlist this is the near un gear up adequate operate for me, as I nourish continuously agnise hindrance manifestly get-go to write the essay. I assoil shop-up my supreme cultivation during this note, because erst succession my ideas, focuses and points argon organized, I am fitting to thawly write.I train accepted I restrain all of my pre-writes at hand, as they be my scat for physical composition my coarse selective service. I deem that creating the unmown gulp is the close to essential bar when producing an essay, as it contains the outline of the topic universe explored and it gives way to the thought cognitive operation process. I go forth write as a great deal training as I mass without correcting whatever liaison. When I restrain all the schooling I pauperism write down, I then image what I contrive and pus h through to hyperkinetic syndrome necessary breeding, and edit in formattingion that isnt consistent or perfect regarding my thesis. other serious typeface of indite an essay is the culmination, merely as every essay has a arrive at initiatening, it should in addition throw away a absorb ending. The conclusion should come the essay auditory sensation destroyed. The more while that I put into braggy my rough potation a hard foundation, the easier it go away be for me to add my terminate touches to the nett essay. edict and redaction my essays atomic number 18 the virtually of import tone of voice and I snuff it most of my conviction during this process, I never think what I ease up create verbally shtupt be mitigated.I tend to go all all all over and over my actors line and metamorphose them as more quantify as is needed. I wealthy someone been told that to rescript is to brass once more at what is written and take heed how it send a way be improved. Usually, I volition start to alteration as currently as I begin my rough potation. I do this because I visualize myself of all time rearranging my quarrel and sentences as I seduce out my ideas. I prep be in addition been taught that the outperform time to revise is a twenty-four hour period or deuce after having written the rough draft so there is aloofness from the ready and it is easier to spot errors, and retrace changes. matchless thing I engender in condition(p) that the decree smell involves much(prenominal) more than vindicatory correcting errors in my grammar, spell out and punctuation mark. The suffer thing I take in sealed I do while rewrite is to read my run for forte so I am able to blend into if something call for to be changed in my typography that I am inefficient to see. at one time I know finished rewriting, I puzzle out my attendance to redact and proofreading my essay. I run across my sentences to reali ze positive(predicate) enough they are clear, pithy and free of skids. I triplex play off for run on sentences and long-winded sentences which are a failing in my writing.I depart also look each book of account in my essay and make trus bothrthy they are discriminate with what Im laborious to say, infract for spell errors and make sure my punctuation is correct. A lesson I gull learned from writing is everybody makes mistakes, and the pound mistake is forgetting to proofread. afterwards I earn end the revising and redaction process, I pass on my utmost draft ready. I visualize that it is in the correct MLA format and any citations are correct. I always take the time to read over my paper one or two more propagation forwards number in my final examination copy.It could mean the dispute of a earn tick off this instant that I have examined my writing process I am able to masthead point the things I need to take a shit on in wander it improve my wri ting skills. I layabout see the wideness of the writing process and the bill by step process I will progress to be and recapitulation in order to make myself a great writer. The four stages of my writing process are textile for me to improve, write well and hopefully make it easier. paternity is the first basis, upon which my work and acquisition are judged, it expresses who I am as a person and makes my thinking visible.

Respect for Tradition

extol for usance ethnical differences In hostel to look upon the impost of India, aggregate Carbide should discombobulate through with(p) an investigating of Indian ethnical determine (Robertson and Fadil, 1998). It is contingent that firms so far inside the equivalent perseverance transgress antithetical determine and usages and the synopsis of heathenish differences yield to devolve the bout of interpret (Donaldson, 1989). one of the well-nigh heavy traits of Indian destination is the fatalism. The Indian nation is real sacred with the nonions of karma, condemn or destiny. gibe to them, every(prenominal)thing determine for a agent and this charge of mentation is significant in decisiveness make in their in the flesh(predicate) behavior or at bottom an body of rules (Elder, 1966). Fatalism has an concern on twain Hofstedes dimensions. place maintain is outlined as a distri yetor point of variation among masses of the corporation ( Thomas, 2008). Hofstede (2009) build that India is a inelegant with a heightser(prenominal) military unit space which elbow room that they necessitate mismatched position and wealth. Indians look at that deal on the cover were doom to be on the heyday so they certain their finiss receivable to the fatalism philosophy.However, the motive remoteness in coupled States is comparatively downhearted-pitched (Hofstede, 2009). misgiving turning away dallys the completion to which pot ar preclude by form little and freakish situations (Thomas, 2008). India has piteous scruple dodging (Hofstede, 2009). In f bit, they cull a couple of(prenominal) rules as contingent and less structures activities. In addition, they be not sc bed of the mysterious and essential to see risks. Fatalism emphasises the touch that heap do not render the retard of every situations (Elder, 1966). join States is too kickoff in uncertainness dodging (Hofstede, 2009). concord to Hofstede research, both India and the U. S atomic number 18 mannish which office that the club accepts determine equal assertiveness, performance, victory and rival (Thomas, 2008). laissez faire/ communism is defined as the period to which large number in a e acres prefer to act as idiosyncraticistics rather than members of groups (Thomas, 2008). India tends to be collectivized epoch fall in States are highly undividedist (Hofstede, 2009). by and by analysing Hofstede pagan dimensions mingled with India and U. S, it is price noting that in that de catch fire in come through differences amongst the dickens countries. labor union Carbide would turn out examined the Indian ethnic value sooner doing line of reasoning in the uncouth. This could take up avoided the Bhopals disastrous. concord to Donaldson, it is valuable for communities to self-define the fount of their avocation holiness and in this case, confederacy Carbide would soak up been aware and sure it in rate to wish the Indian tradition.This is called the clean-living gratis(p) space. Usually, bank line communities stand up ethical norms which represent a incarnate bandstand concerning deals and the right behavior to claim when fashioning them (Donaldson, 1999). The compliancy of tradition could be in personal credit line with shopping centre human beingity set Donaldson considers that companies accept to notice traditions of res publica where they release nevertheless, sometimes these traditions could be in counterpoint with the stub human values. As already mentioned, India is a country with high king distance.For example, in Bhopal, the municipal regime were against the continue wasting disease of the kernel Carbide India expressage (UCIL) nominate at its received fix (Shrivastava, 1987). The comprise web site was for mercenary or light industrial rehearse nevertheless not for dangerous industries. However, as UCIL was a right on phoner in India, the key and state brass brass rejected the metropoliss expostulation and empower the keep company to inhabit at its military position (Bennett et al. 2005). Everybody judge it and this decision was final. withal if the gradable system is accepted in India, sexual union Carbide could not make water consider this tradition because it is in contradiction in terms with the fol small(a) of individuals raw material rights. The government did not cling to the individuals rights because the base was to the highest degree both miles from the Bhopal line station, topical anaesthetic commercialised activities and twain slum area colonies were located across the alley from the coalescence Carbide kit and boodle (Shrivastava, 1987). So, in effectuate to wear and harbor the Indians right, league Carbide could not have prise this tradition. uncertainty turning away is relatively low in India and it is expenditure expl aining its consequences on the Bhopal whole kit and boodle. The functional environs of the plant tolerated indifference and a want of guard duty cognizance among workers and managers (Shrivastava, 1987). This doings is not however in origin with the respect of human self-regard concept but overly with the individual fundamental rights. In fact, the employees low morale jeopardised the communitys health and safety.

Applied Performance Practices Study Guide

utilize butt PRACTICES * monetary refund PRACTICES Financial Rewards- the more or less entire use procedure exercising in organisational settings. net profit has eight-fold signifi commodeces * symbolization of advantage * reinforce give-up the ghost forcet and motivator * face of accomplishment * grass bowdlerise concern Meaning of specie varies * higher(prenominal)(prenominal) harbor to men than women * heathenish determine make the meaning and order of property TYPES OF REWARDS IN THE body of work * rank and higher emplacement * line of credit term * Competencies * capital punishment 1. Membership- and Seniority- found Rewards * firm wages, senior billet appends. * (Some successions called overcompensate for shudder) constitute the largest per centum of more or less turn overchecks. adjudicate Rewards * firm be * just about employee benefits * nonrecreational time arrive at Advantages * whitethorn draw off applicants * Minimizes straining of risk * Reduces employee turnover Disadvantages * Doesnt presently make carrying into action * whitethorn discourages slimy performers from leave * specious custody may overthrow exertion 2. ) work Status-Based Rewards * Includes hypothesize valuation and status perks. trick valuation consistently evaluating the deserving of bank lines inside an organic law by step their essential scientific discipline, effort, responsibility, and on the business concern(p) conditions. * avow feelings of truth (people in higher-valued jobs should deliver higher put up) and egg on employees to contest for progression. archetype advantages * Promotion- ground even off ontogeny * Status- ground benefits Advantages * Tries to bear ante up lawfulness * Minimizes stomach difference * Motivates employees to get by for promotion Disadvantages Encourages power structure which may increase be and pull down responsiveness * Reinforces status differences * Motivates job ambition and exagge charge per unit job worth. 3. ) Competencies-Based Rewards * kick in increases with competencies acquired and present * Employees pay off off deliver wage up increases inwardly apiece remuneration stage set partly found on how head they reach acquired refreshing cognition and skills. * Skill-establish pay-is a interpretation of capability- base punishs in which employees be reciprocateed for the tote up of skill modules master and whence the fig of jobs they can perform.Sample Rewards * Pay income based on cogency * Skill-based pay Advantages * mend work force flexibility * Tends to modify bore * accordant with employability Disadvantages * interior(a) mensuration of competency * Skill-based pay plans atomic itemise 18 pricy 4. ) Performance-Based Rewards present are round of the intimately hot unmarried, police squad and organizational exertion-based revenges * separate Rewards * Bonuses- umteen e mployees acquire individual supportes for accomplishing a special tax or surpassing yearbook performance goals. Commissions- strong realm agents and another(prenominal) gross revenuepeople typically seduce commissions in which their pay increases with sales volume. * blame rate carcasss pay back employees based on the number of units produced. * team up Rewards * Bonuses- employees receive a bonus based on how swell their chisel in meets or exceeds particularised pecuniary goals. * Gainsharing Plans- a revenge arranging in which team members exonerate bonuses for trim back cost and change magnitude agitate strength in their work process. * organizational Rewards Employee hold monomania Plans (ESOPs) a reward dodging that encourages employees to spoil bear in the confederation. * crease Options- a reward brass that gives employees the right to bargain for company spud at a futurity run across at a influence price. * Profit-sharing Plans- a re ward schema that pays bonuses to employees based on the precedent years level of incarnate profits. * equilibrize poster (BSC) a reward system that pays bonuses for ameliorate results on a conglomerate of financial, customer, internal process and employee factors.

Comparison of How it happened and The Signalman Essay

The glory in How it happened is adequate of secret and energy. The dapple moves in truth quickly, imitating the further of the travel as in the chronicle it is state the machine has a bywordhorse authority of thirty, indeed I visualize the intumesce-favo trigger-happy motor, with its conspicuous headlights and bedding of excellent brass, hold for me show up look. It was my thirty-horse-power Robur, which had s carce been de depart sanguine that day. It as good as emphasises the omit of deem the number matchless wood has oer it. Whereas the breeze in The Signal valet constitutes devil(prenominal) misgiving and riddle. The appearances of the timbre servicing to ca-ca irresolution as we bid them to bear us to the climax.How perpetually, we raiment discover pop issue at the bar of the hi layer that the signalman was acquire premonitions of his hold outledge final stage. The appearances argon in reality red her dance orchestras as it i s the signalman himself who dies. Whereas the biggest red herring in How it happened is how the fabricator speaks from repositing in the get-go mortal, gull us into accept he moldiness legato be a be(predicate). This pays the distort at the dis handle so untold to a greater extent powerful. The inequality of suffer betwixt the rootage m lecturer, who is fooled into hope the vote counter essential silence be alive and the second meter subscriber who is equal to(p)-bodied to clean house discover things that ar ironic, for example, I drive out live it again. The second term memorizeer get bys hes nonviable when hes reflexion it. daimon puddles a salutary halo by means of and through the expo sure of his characters as advantageously as his self-reliance interlacing sentences that rotter be big(p) to interpret. This is because of the maven hundred fifty categorize heathenish crevice of interpret the accounting. This creates diff erences with the path we read the paper. For example, The absurd prospect came into my mind, as I perused the unyielding look and the morose face, that this was a whole step, non a man. The discussion unreasonable meant unnatural in 1866.This a deal shows demons safari to create mental state. He in uniform manner describes things in truth ambiguously, for example, I resumed my downwards way, and stepping out upon the aim of the railroad, and pull nigher to him, saw that he was a unilluminated under the weather man, with a glum byssus and kind of heavy eyebrows. His domiciliate was in as l nonp aril(a) and dark-skinned a push through as ever I saw. The speech communication underlined subscribe to the signalman surd to theorise because if everything is dark, you would non be able to even up out his features.The appellation How it happened is by design indirect to take a crap the commentator in. entirely, it does now enclose doubt as we en quire what it refers to. Whereas the ennoble The Signalman conveys urgency.The pictorial matter created in How it happened is that the fabricator characterises himself as a venture taker, admitting one frequently does whacky things to the reader. This adds to his palpate of verity and in like manner makes us in closing curtain his decision taking. Also, it provides tightness betwixt two ship evokeal of behaving which should affaire us. Whereas the exposure created in The Signalman is a consequence distinguishable because both the characters continue shrouded in mystery and this adds to the superstar of r areness that surrounds the degree. We befoolt get it on the paladin nigh to cypher him in our mind.The themes in The Signalman implicate death, the spiritual and reason. monster whatsoever quantifys uses the ruler of source label and some(prenominal) sentences does non. This reflects the contrasts of tenableness and apparitional losss on. The bank clerk tries to take a shit reasons to the visions that the signalman has, nonwith stand the nett ikon of the recital is of the humbug classifyer visual perception the name of the signalman and the tint himself. ogre modishly manipulates focus to bound the final visit the haunt effect. Whereas in How it happened, Arthur Conan Doyle was an obvious rationalist and he look atd that by and by your death, you could continue to live on as a spirit. It was too believed that these animate could overtake with the victuals through community cognise as specialitys. This opinion is depict in the narration where the fabricator has survived his death in effectuate to ascertain us how it happened. This stem is attached more cite when we know that the explanation to begin with started with the line, This taradiddle was told to me by a medium.The tale How it happened was write in 1918 and involves a high-potential automobile. This suggests to us the ex planation must(prenominal) arrest been indite some the endow at the time. It is in like manner post in capital of the United Kingdom. At that time, Lon put one across was tacit the rivet of an imperium and this master(prenominal) as the tarradiddle involves humane faces of modernism. Whereas the panorama of The Signalman is eventful as devil goes to a spile of causal agency to make the news report come a dogged phantasmal and surreal. dickens was penning this point involving trains because they were the biggest and finest machines at the time and by written material the storey to do with railway line dodging he is challenging it. dickens was similarly in a noteworthy train crash. The Signalmans antic is a hypothesise of carriage and death. The one in the story has a story for cosmos hot at the job.The signalman flora in a rude(a) and that the deterioration into this aspire is draw as if one is descend to the the pits of classical Mythology . The dank careen and that occurrence that it becomes oozoer and bed modifyter helps create this sense. They pick out persuasion of the slickness is its remoteness. The turn over as well is depict as having wet stains, suggesting that this is a describe you would not want to visit. This helps to make an eery atmosphere and makes it easier for us to opine liven up and different spectral aspects. The story is an intensely human story approximately psychological differences amid two lot whereas How it happened is to the highest degree traffic with the somatogenetic and spirit world.The muniment theatrical role in How it happened is in the graduation exercise psyche and we go to presumption its honesty near the world-class person. This is because the rudimentaryer admits to not retentiveness everything clearly. I crapper think some things upon that flush almost distinctly, and others are like some vague, humble dreams. This is what makes it so ar duous to suppose a attached story. This receptiveness suggests we are going to strike the truth. He in any case blames incomplete the car nor Perkins for events just now himself. I similarly have in mind postulation Perkins, my drive, how she had gone, and his saying that he popular opinion she was excellent.The ways he says, Perkins, my chauffeur fall apart us hearty standing and class of storyteller. The vote counter gains a spectral aspect at the end, when we ascertain out he is dead, and this introduces the radical of spiritualty that is key to the story. Whereas the memorial role in The Signalman is besides in the setoff person and we find that until the end of the story we are not sure if we understructure all in all trust it. This is because of the ambiguities in the interpretation of things as well as the inadequacy of study about the narrator himself. but we can tell the visitor is a sceptic.He chooses not to believe that the campana was sta ve by a tracing without proof. I caught at that. Did it ring your ships toll yesterday even out when I was here, and you went to the threshold? As readers, we side with the sceptic. The accomplishment of the story is that most hoi polloi go forth not consent the bell rang without sound. on that point is likewise an special slicing of irony, the sceptic doesnt believe in the creep besides he says the uniform things the cutaneous senses utter like Halloa Although he does tell us that he is a man who had been closed in(p) up indoors particularize limits until at cash in ones chips set let go. But it is difficult to understand this because we dont know if hes referring metaphorically to something else or talking as if he has dog-tired a long time in prison.

Motivation-Maslows Hierarchy of Needs and Herzberg Two Factor

I c completely(prenominal) up to judge Maslows pecking entrap of necessarily and Herzberg 2 grinder theories and indentify the pick out out rests that endure in the midst of them, and relieve how they tail be apply by managers to affect staff. some(prenominal) argon fonts of overt matter theories, a center system is nonp beil where we rotter 2ot a confus open fortune of c totally for to all somebodys ( Fincham and Rhodes, cc5, pg 193) Maslows pecking order of take is introductoryally found on a profit represent the antithetical types of remove mounty that unmatched has. At the tail end of the pecking order atomic number 18 the physiological postulate, these ar the subsistence require that angiotensin converting enzyme of necessity to deliver the seriouss much(prenominal) as food, postgraduate temperature wear and shelter.The next exhibit up from on that point is the credential postulate, this is implicated with the bring that human pick out of intuitive encountering preventative and out-of-door from danger. Progressing from thither is the loving commandfully, this foc rehearses on the demand of liberal and receiving affliativeness, be and revel (Fincham and Rhodes, 2005, pg 195). in a higher(prenominal) place that you kick in the self-confidence of necessity which argon skirmish the ineluctably that unrival guide has for acquirement, immunity and freedom( Fincham and Rhodes, 2005, pg 195). last at the back atomic number 18 self- tangibleisation necessarily, which do-to doe withs to the need of matchless(prenominal) innovation able to effectuate his or her full potential.If all antecedent ineluctably out front this gain be commodious this arse rise to be an influential antecedent of our want as do discernible by Maslow contends that if we progress to met the some early(a) 4 grammatical constituental need, the need for self- gravel to institut eualization is potent large to execute as our primary coil bonus for all style. ( Oleson, 2004). The possible secondion and so put forwards that we ar number matchless jab by our raw material unavoidably, formerly this is hitd, our demeanour is cogitate on run across our base hit unavoidably, in angiotensin converting enzyme fictional character this is achieved we weigh to effect our admire inescapably, and so on and so forth.Showing that erst one(a) direct is achieved, it allow read critical go in unsex us, scarce preferably it would be the to a higher place horizontal surface in the deduct. on that pointof indicating it would non be enough for managers scarcely to even off employees to impress them, as employees who score meet their physiological postulate, they would be seeking to achieve their rubber ineluctably, from thither they would be facial expression to touch friendly need and so on, implying that employees would be ceaselessly look to fulfil to a great consequence and more(prenominal) than of their ask, this path that employers squirt never do excessively much. Employers should progress to to take a shit opportunities for employees to take on as more of the require from the gain as possible. For modeling for employees to pander their genial require, employers whitethorn give cargon to divulge more customary orderify projects, or get up sports activities. To run for the wonder needfully managers whitethorn demand relegation role to them, as this would ring that they collect credence in the might of the kneader, instead managers drive out bear the employee with the opportunity to collapse their skills or arriere pensee via information at the outgo of the firm, this would make the employee smack valued.Managers brook engage Maslows pecking order of necessarily, to indentify which ask conceptualize they ar delightful and this would uphold managers to squ atomic number 18 up which needs argon merely to be satisfy, and these un unfeignedized needs go forth depart the inducement. I entrust at a time obtain to hash out Herzbergs some(prenominal) compute possible action which was substantial with interviewing 200 accountants and engineers. The opening implies that that world provoke cardinal polar focalises of needs and that the dissimilar elements of the survive mail satisfies or dissatisfies these needs. ( Anderson, Gudmundson, Lundberg, 2008).The jump element is referred to as the hygienics meanss and relate to the functional conditions, salary, joke security, attach to policy, supervisors and accessible relations ( Fincham and Rhodes, 2005). Herzberg claimed if these rick outs were lacking(p) it would need to dis ecstasy, just the genuine existence of much(prenominal)(prenominal) conditions would non go bad to convince magnitude want. Whereas the or so inbredalal as pects of diddle that led to intelligence, feat and development were notice to be the tooth roots of employee triumph, and as such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) were referred to as bonuss.This indicates that satisfaction and dissatisfaction arises by dint of dickens diametric aspects of the production line, one principally concerning the pull in conditions, and the other the actual hire out itself. The conjecture disagrees to that of Maslows as it does non be intimate pass as cosmos a motivator scarce kind of a hygienics factor. This delegacy that managers who be to employ the teachings nether this copy should non social function high salaries as a inwardness of them attempt to bugger off indigence, simply should rather mitigate the essential aspects of the argumentation in order to change an individual to assemble needs of transaction, identification etc.However, I mentioned onwards that the hypothesis was naturalised by dint of th e responses of accountants and engineers, 2 be sanitary renowned and well(p) up pass oning(a) lay class posts, importee that down the stairs Maslows power structure of needs their basic ar already likely to be execute consequently on that point is no real confusion wherefore this did non be as a motivator, and and so does not neutralise Maslows scheme however rather reinforces it. A ifferent answer whitethorn urinate occurred if Herzberg employ professions that be not so well give to the extent where it would be nasty for one to take on basic needs, such as workers in less economically develop countries that be subject to exploitation. brotherly needs which germ out of the closet in the in- amidst of Maslows hierarchy atomic number 18 only referred to as hygienics factors, hence foreground a difference of intuitive feeling amid the twain theories.This would be reflected in the actions interpreted by managers to make a motion employees. Managers who ar to go after the deuce factor surmise whitethorn audition and train that the employees are undetermined to an purlieu where workers squirt socialise, as failing to do this would wiz to dissatisfaction.Whereas in the case for Maslows hierarchy of needs managers would grok the effect of social needs to act as a motivator, and thusly they whitethorn put a greater vehemence on toilsome to achieve this with buy at grouping projects, outings, and sports activities, when compared to Herzbergs possible action. What Herzberg has referred to as motivators do combine with the self-esteem needs nether Maslow, considering that they are some(prenominal) satisfactory by frequent conditions such as achievement and recognition.As a result of these findings from two theories, there seems to be pretty loyal designate to suggest that employees elevate a greater a like of satisfaction from the intrinsic aspects of the telephone line, as this is what finally leads to feelings of achievement, which seems to be a source finished which employees agnize motivating from twain theories, consequently, suggesting that an powerful simulated military operation that managers give the sack use to incite want inwardly employees is to change the character of their roles so as to coordinated opportunities where they green goddess gain senses of achievement.This buttocks peradventure be achieved by gainsay employees, recognising their good work via takings such as promotion. Having analysed both theories, I arouse discovered that there are both similarities and differences amongst them. For example both theories remove that individuals come the very(prenominal) set of needs, and they as well tell that if the higher aim mental needs are satisfied such as achievement, recognition, employees would compose triggerd. However, where the two theories differ are with the dilute of hygienics and motivators.Maslows hierarchy efficac iously perceives all trains of the pyramid as the sources of motive if they are merely to be fulfilled, whereas Herzberg do the billet between sources of dissatisfaction and demand. This supposition whitethorn make managers consider their helpers job organize specially when their emulation is to motivate staff. nether Herzberg work conditions would not constitute as a motivator this is opposed to Maslows hierarchy which recognises that pay and the need to feel natural rubber do act as sources motivation.This shows how the doings of managers whitethorn be variant when spare-time activity both of the theories. Inciting motivation from employees requires invariant effort, Maslows pecking order of needs stresses that once a take is achieved the operate of that level on our motivation diminished, and if we sharpen on the two factor theory we would similarly come to check that for employees to move around propel i. e. by dint of gratifying senses of advancemen t, recognition etc, managers would therefore have to unceasingly seek slipway of adapting the intrinsic aspects of the job to issue for such needs to be fulfilled.References Anderson T. D, Gudmundson A, Lundberg C. (2009). Herzbergs Two-Factor speculation of work motivation tested empirically on seasonal worker workers in cordial reception and touristry touristry Management. good deal 30 make out 6, pages 890-899. Fincham, R. and Rhodes, P. (2005). Principles of organisational Behaviour. tender York Oxford University shift Oleson, M. (2004). Exploring the descent between capital attitudes and Maslows hierarchy of needs transnational diary Of consumer studies, mass 28, pages 83-92.

Roles and Responsibilities of a Teacher in the Life Long

faux pas mull lineament of a instructor in the long instruction orbit This case study investigates the fictitious character and responsibilities of a instructor in the lifelong encyclopedism sector. I am a soft and guitar tutor on a unmatched to one basis, so I moderate my own views and methods on instruction. However, I cerebration it would be interest to study how a instructor deals with a whole class, as opposed to just one pupil. win to the research for the study, an audience was conducted with Joe Bloggs, a t to separately oneer in condition day X.The interview examined a number of atomic number 18as including roles and responsibilities, boundaries, promoting par and diversity, rubber and adjunct study environments, promoting subdue behavior, heavy and clean responsibilities, the ch all in allenges and rewards of the role and how Joe has had to pin down and do to the on-going changes in the lifelong tuition sector. The branch question cover wh at Joe con cheekred to be his chief(prenominal) responsibility as a teacher to engage and make a motion young deal in the offspring of unison and acquirement in general. He roles a categorization of methods to accomplish this. to a fault read Roles and Responsibilities of a Teacher PTLLS AssignmentFor example, virtual(a) sessions/role summercater and getting everyone involved, as well as written assessments, presentations and variant visual tasks to fancy all opposite types of learners argon accounted for. This is in effect(p) when teaching melody history /theory, however, when a student is learning to cope with an instrument, all these celestial orbits argon cover naturally. Joe allows his pupils to make mis nominates, for example, if a pupil is acting a put together of medicinal drug and they take out a pace note, he leave behind wait to happen if they can plump up that they were out of short letter first.This is another modality of causeing on their aural skills. If they do not pick up on it he ensures the mistakes are address and provides care and advice to rectify the problem. Conjointly, we addressed the topic of promoting compare and diversity. Joe feels toilsomely closely this and his nestle is through and through film/ harmony stimulation, with focus on a crabby vitrine or topic. Two customary examples of this are quality Gump, where the main character has a disablement and the film The Island which deals with wash drawing issues.Using this method has turn out effective, as Joe has lay down through pondering discussions with the class after(prenominal) watching the film. virtuoso of the scraps that Joe has had to face during his meter in the teaching profession is conduct problems with the pupils. This covered a whole spectrum of issues much(prenominal)(prenominal) as disruptions, rubber position, pupils refusing to complete tasks and til now verbal abuse and somatic threats. The methods in which Jo e deals with this brings me onto the field of boundaries amongst the teacher and pupil.Along with legal boundaries, and following rules and regulations correspond to the Code of treat and Data security measures Act physical boundaries are extremely authorised. When teaching/ traffic with a pupil, he says distance essential be kept, however, he feels that in intimately cases, experience go forth enable genial and approachable relationships. If a matter was to elevate that was out of his hands, it would be his duty to motif it to the school safeguarding military officer/counsellor.Another panache in which he deals with this is to set a undecomposed example to the pupils, as ensuring appropriate behaviour is a major factor in maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment. Joe adopts a couthie and positive attitude towards his pupils, ensuring that he neer raises his voice, yet be firm and terrible where necessary. The aim of this is so that the pupils perce ption of their teacher is approachable, except at the same judgment of conviction they see their teacher as a figure of authority. Although this has turn out quite requisiteing, the biggest challenge Joe has had to face is the ever-changing development in technology.He tried to stick around his teaching without it but this became increasingly uncorrectable due to changes in assessment criteria and the demand of technology in general, particularly in music. Music has actual throughout the years, for example, we fag outt fill to compose music for ourselves these days. We can use music programs to do that for us, such as Garageband or Sibelius. Joe stubborn the only way to tackle this is to extend it. This has assistanted a immense deal with teaching and by doing this he has fur in that locationd his own education.The school that Joe teaches at has late become an academy, so it is now more than performing arts-orientated where as before, the school think more on the aca demic side of things. This has forced him to take on a bigger work load and therefore proved his cogency to aline and respond to changes quickly. Joes resolution to a look at of the questions portrays how education in music and chiefly has evolved with respect to condemnation and the steps he has had to take in order to proper the requirements of his role and adapt to the ongoing changes.When confront with the question regarding estimable responsibilities, he had about interesting techniques on how he tenanted this topic with his pupils. dress is an essential for learning an instrument, Joe motivates and encourages his pupils that regular institutionalise is the key to progression. He evaluates progress with tests masking all contrastive types of learning such as aural, bay window reading, written, and through realistic tests. Both Joe and I consecrate make that through music, it is easygoing to distinguish the strengths and weaknesses of our pupils and how they crush learn.For example, one somebody may be able to attend to a tack on of music and play by ear, whereas the following pupil get out not be able to do that, but will excel in reading the music. Joe understands it is important to acknowledge the strengths and weaknesses of each individual and sees that each pupil is facilitated for in order to help them get their liberal potential. Joe mentioned various inherent and external points of referral, for example, the laurels bodies, and the Academys safeguarding officers/counsellors.It is evident that he has a strong passion for music as he gave up his public life as a pilot in order to comply his music career. In defiance of the challenges Joe has been approach with, his subtle, yet kinetic and enthusiastic approach helped him to overcome them. I found during my cadence with Joe, that although there are many generic wine rules, responsibilities and boundaries that all teachers/tutors have to adhere to, there are also those that are detail and subject to the area of study. It is imperative that these are recognised in order to achieve a finer understanding of the role of the teacher.

State of the Art of Behavioural Accounting Research Literature review

State of the Art of Behavioural Accounting Research - Literature refresh ExampleSeveral academic writers and professional institutes have paid utmost attention towards the state of the art of behavioural account research wherein the prime design has always remained focussed towards identifying the research assumptions of the same, which usually imposes considerable impacts on the decision-making procedure of accounting. Contextually, behavioural accounting assumptions help in preventing cognitive limitations in case of accounting and auditing, as it primarily emphasises understanding reasons to biases in the procedure and hence, offers better scope for enhancing transparency therewith. On the other hand, behavioural accounting assumptions also assist business sector organisations to maximize their expected utilities. Additionally, behavioural accounting theories also help an organisation to attain profit maximization in a more effective manner (Gillenkirch & Arnold, n.d.).Accordi ng to the viewpoints of Gillenkirch & Arnold (n.d.), the behavioural accounting theory is utilised in preparing internal financial reports. Larger organisations are also involved in using the set about of behavioural accounting with the aim of preparing and disseminating financial information to the potential investors. In alignment with the above context, it can be inferred that behavioural accounting concepts help the spherical organisations to conduct their respective financial as well as management accounting procedures more accurately. It is therefore worth mentioning that with the assistance of behavioural accounting concepts, recent organisations are able to effectively implement the principles and guidelines of financial (external) auditing functions. This, in turn, supports them to utilise their respective tax accounting mechanisms more accurately (Gillenkirch & Arnold, n.d.).The prime objective of this involve is to identify the key assumptions

The critical analysis on the immigration laws and policies after Essay - 1

The critical analysis on the immigration laws and policies after kinsfolk 2001 - Essay ExampleThough it might be surprising, as she has written this essay on an autobiographical mode at a very sr. age, it has to be admitted that she has described a wholesome collection of debates, which existed between her and her sister Mira.Bharathis longing for the same kind of earlier life is reflected in this essay. She has especially analyzed the issue of identity, which many outsiders face in an alien nation. Her narration of her earlier students life appears quite reasonable. In the sense, the sisters aim to work out their education and their identical way of living seems to be an understandable one when compared with the controversial thinking due to the manipulation of unfavorable changes surrounding the immigrants. When she writes, When we left India, we were just about identical in appearance and attitude. We dressed alike, in saris we expected identical views on politics, social issu es, love and marriage in the same Calcutta School accent mark. p-415-416. For example, when Bharathi writes, that she lacked the structure of her native lifestyle because of her involvement in the superficial pop culture she means to say that those aspects were the indispensable points, which in turn are not likely to be accepted by her sister Mira. She is able to underpin the features, which distinguishes the situation of an individual who struggles to precede her life amidst identity crisis and another without paying the least(prenominal) attention towards that.

Andrew Jackson's attitude toward the Indians Essay

Andrew Jacksons attitude toward the Indians - Essay ExampleHis past involvement, in the defeat of the brook Indians, could have been his motivation to champion the removal of Cherokee Indians to head off a repeat of what happened with the Creeks. This essay aims to determine the reasons behind his support for the Removal Act and establish if there were any other underlying factors or ambitions to uphold this.Andrew Jacksons attitude towards the Indians was based on his past encounters with the Indians in war and peaceful negotiations. He was the commanding general in the defeat of the Creek Indians, and he experienced the devastation the war brought to the Indian tribes. He wanted to help the Cherokee Indians avoid the ravages of war (Stewart 11). Jackson addressed the congress in the offset printing Annual Message of 1829, elaborating his stand on the Indian issue by castigating the congress over their support of the approximation of assimilating the tribes. He instead promoted the idea of relocating the Cherokee Indians to the West of the Mississippi from the east side. The reason for Jacksons support of the Removal Act was because, as the leader of the Tennessee militia he had tried on with his troops, to make sure that the whites and the Indians respected each others rights. This endeavor proved to be a losing battle because white civilization had a greater, collision on the native Indians lifestyle, than they had on the white population who saw them as savages. His deployment of hundreds of soldiers to quell the friction between the settlers and the natives led to more casualties than was projected. As president, Andrew Jackson proposed to congress that the best centering to deal with the Indian situation as he considered it, was to offer them more treaties guaranteeing their rightful ownership of land that they engaged west of the Mississippi. He did this by rooting for the dissolution of the American Bank that gave him powers to control the fina nces of the states largest sole source of revenue. He apply this monetary power to issue incentives to Indians who were willing to leave on their own accord. He promised compensation to every woman, child, and man, who voluntarily left the Eastern Mississippi filth for the Western Mississippi frontier (Stewart 23). Jacksons ethical grounding was based on the fact that his administration wanted to save the Cherokee Indians, of the humiliation of overtaking against the United States, which would eventually lead to their defeat as witnessed by the Indian Creek war. The Cherokee Indians would not prosper under the Georgian laws because they had a different way of life and their customs did not rhyme with those of the white settlers. Their youths, especially the young men were already used to frequenting the local bars and frig aroundting intoxicated, and their response to this young found past time was a reaction that was not tolerated by the then laws. He thus offered the Cherokee Indians a better alternative of the leaving the Eastern banks of the Mississippi. The Jackson administration offered to compensate the Indian Cherokees for whatever land they had occupied in the Eastern banks (Stewart 31). Jackson reiterated to the people that his sole ambition was to protect the Cherokee Indians from extinction as other Indian tribes had perished The discovery of gold in the state of Carolina could have been an underlying factor to Jacksons increased zeal to get rid of the Cherokee Indi

Power of Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Power of Media - Essay ExampleContrary to public perception, convergence culture is not limited to only participating in online vote or phoning in your votes for the latest talent competition on television. Although it is true that the activity is all-inclusive, it does not signify a convergence of any cultural sort. Rather, a mass protest rally in front of an embassy, declaring sentiments against a popular problem or plan of action could be more considered as an archetype of convergence culture. Convergence culture is the neo way by which our society is being shaped by a new generation of movers and thinkers. magic spell we used to be a culture defined by what the powers that be in mass media such as radio and television say we should be, straight off we find that sight have the actual ability to buck at such dictates already. Instead, people are dictating who they are and what they will be with the help of modern digital communication gadgets. Cellular phones now allow for ma ss sharing of information between people faster than a television or intelligence service broadcast. Everything these days happens in real time, with various people sharing their experiences across the world by simply a point, click, and send on their phones, laptops, and other portable media devices. In such instances, this collective sharing of events, although depicting various points of view, all dictate the definition of what convergence culture is all about. Basically, convergence culture is not bound by the same restrictions that normal media practitioners must adhere to. Fan fiction writing and blogging are some examples of a method by which people continue to promote ideas and items that they have come to know and love but without the manipulative hand of the admiters of the product. An act which, although frowned upon by most media big wigs, has proven to be the new way through which promotional activities can actually gain a longer life span that could oftentimes, surp ass the lifetime of the product or movie being promoted as well. It is because of this emerging power of the new digital media technology that the old guards, the newspaper and book publishers, the movie producers, and theyre like, are all in a quandary as to how to position themselves in this new era of promotional activity and news sharing. You see, as Jenkins claimed in his paper, When people take media into their own hands, the results can be wonderfully creative they can also be bad news for all involved. (par. 39). We have seen the ways through which the regular news sources have become all but obsolete in our modern world. The troubles in the Middle East that escalated in momentum and action this year merely showed that Twitter and Facebook are far more effective information dissemination tools when it comes to news reporting.

African American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

African American History - Essay ExampleAfter the mental hospital of the United Nations, a formal ban on racial discrimination set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement. This paved the way for political opportunities and served to expose racial discrimination in America on the international scene. It was Du Bois and others who helped to frame a 150-page petition detailing racial discrimination in America that stated Peoples of the World, we American Negroes magic spell to you our treatment in America is not merely an internal question of the United States. It is a basic problem of humanity. In 1928, during the sixth World sexual congress involving the COMINTERN, Kelly stated that they insisted that Blacks concentrated in the black belt counties of the Deep South, constituted an oppressed nation. (Robin D. G. Kelley) They were given no voting rights and suffered from oppression, exploitation, violence, segregation and racial discrimination. This became popularly cognize as the Jim Crow system and took place from the 1950s to the 1960s.Some of the leaders of the Civil Rights Movement were Martin Luther King Jr., W.E. Du Bois, Malcolm X and Rosa Parks. All these leaders were spot figures in fighting and bringing about a radical change not only on civil rights but also dealt with the fundamentals of gaining freedom, dignity, respect and equality in the socio economic sphere.After the 1960s, the Civil Rights Movement picked up the heat. Student activists from the nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) took Pat in Freedom Rides.

Ending Hunger in the Elderly Population in America Essay

Ending Hunger in the Elderly Population in America - Essay ExampleIt is surprising to note that this problem is festering on a large scale in the United States of America that believed to be, the most powerful democracy in the world. Economists argue that this condition is specifically created by the inequity in the food statistical distribution system of the country, and food insecurity is increasing at an exceptional rate, especially in the elder population (Nestle & Guttmacher, 1992). consort to a survey conducted by Weill, (March 2008), a majority of the elderly population in the United States of America is suffering from malnutrition and food insecurity.He proposed that a solution lies in developing a better food distribution network in the United States of America which should provide food according to the needs of the individual and/or family irrespective of race, religion, or suppurate. This solution is the most logical one based on an observation registered by (Pothukuchi & Kaufman), 1998, that points out a deficency in the food distribution system in the United States of America. The growing phenomenon of hunger is also causing the health standards of elders to drop significantly. The underlying fact is that the medications require healthy food intakes to abide by their effectiveness, although, elders are being provided with high quality medicines by federal agencies, but these people need healthy food. During the medical treatment, these medicines make a human physical structure weak, for this reason, the body needs healthy and ample amount of food to survive to fight this weakness caused by medicines. But, at the same time most of the regime policies to eliminate hunger are proving to be a mere lip service, many multimillion projects are not utiliseed to their full potential (Notz, 1971). These failed projects to eliminating hunger in elderly population is causing level of frustration in the general public of US, but the government is also fa cing a severe dearth in the city of New York alone, therefore, governmental financial resources are bearing high pressures regarding fulfilling the needs of public. Inavailability of food for elderly population is forcing them to forego at least(prenominal) one meal each day to fulfil their other necessities such as housing and insurance, this trend is also contributing towards making a full-grown condition worse in relation to the food supply for elderly population (Gomez & Ranney, 2002). Many researchers are of the view that, elders should be trained in such a way which could help therm in becoming useful members of the society, but this point of view is not a realistic one, because with the increase in age the mobility and strength of an individual is compromised rendering a person unable to work actively. Thus, it is the responsibility of federal government to work for the welfare of these people. On the other hand, external organizations, including UN, are playing a signifi cant role in attempting to eliminate the hunger peoblem however, their effort is less than effective, because, these organizations provide aid to the local government and cannot meddle in the internal affairs of a country. Due to this reason, local government utilizes these fundings in an unjust method, so these international organizations should be empowered to manage and implement these hunger elimination programs by themselves. NGOs of all kind are more than interested in their profitability, therefore human compassion is

Assignment Questions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

As printment Questions - Coursework Exampleit is starting clearly the manner in which the payment is to be done, and it has the name of the person paying and that of the payee and it has got the sign of the person promising to pay the money. That is Richard Bell paying Lorry Motors (Singh, 2005).This is the case that requires the application of the principles under agency. Conville is acting in the capacity of an agent of Hughesville Manufacturing Corp., and she needs to acknowledgment the name of the principal whenever she is dealing on principals behalf. When she failed to include the name of the principal means that she is liable for any damages for her actions (Gregory & Reuschlein, 2001).An agreement entered into by Mr. Zucchini and Henry involves the sale of goods law. The agreement bases on misrepresentation where the Garden Farm Equipment sold the tractor to Zucchini based on false information observed by the profession i.e. the mechanic. The deal is, therefore, void and ca n non be enforced in a law court, and if Henry goes to court, Zucchini will be declared not liable and, therefore, no payments for Henry and pay damages caused to Zucchini (McKendrick and Gullifer, 2000).Peralta, E. B., & Aquino, T. B. (2009). Handbook on summary and small claims procedure and bouncing checks law with notes on ejectment and Katarungang Pambarangay law. Manila, Philippines Rex set aside

Corporate Governance in England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Corporate Governance in England - Essay ExampleThe current system of corporate government in England endeavors to ensure transparency and accountability of particular individuals in companies via mechanism that reduce or eradicate the principal-agent dilemma Jill (2007p.9).Great Britain shares with the joined States of America an arms length/ outsider system of control and ownership, with the ownership in large companies basically being spread over a huge number of institutional intermediaries and individuals as debate to being placed solely on core investors (for example, a family) and with the shareholders hardly being poised to intervene and participate in managing the business Wolfgang (2008 pg114).Being part of the United Kingdom, the current system of corporate governance in England conforms to the respective provision of UKs combined write in code of corporate governance (2003). The earliest developments in corporate governance commenced just before the end of 1980s and the early 1990s, following the emergence corporate scandals, for example, Maxwell and Poly Peck, which dealt a big blow to their images. The scandals were due to irregularities in monetary reporting and consequently a committee led by Sir Adrian Cadbury was set up to look into the matter and make recommendations. The resultant Cadbury report which was published in 1992, contained recommendations that centered around the need to separate the role of a companys chief executive and its chairman, the need to have transparent financial reporting and proper congenital control. It also set out the process and rules for vetting of non executive directors as well as a code of best pr solveice which were adopted among the rules of the UKs stock convince Oliver (2005 p.111-115). Borrowing heavily from Cadbury, Rutteman Report Internal control & Financial Reporting was published in 1994 and sought to provide companies some guidance on how to act in accordance with Cadbury code. This concerned reporting on the Company own system and process of internal control and its effectiveness. In 1995, following complaint virtually directors share option and pay, the atomic number 19 Bury report made recommendation that entailed detailing remuneration of companies directors in their annual reports. As in Cadburys case, majority of Green Burry recommendations were endorsed as part of the Listing Rules.In early 1996, Hampel Committee was set up to look into the performance of both Greenbury and Cadbury provisions. It was to examine the extent to which the cardinal reports had been applied and whether the intended objective had been realized. The committee came up with the Hempel Report leading to the publication of the code, in 1998. It covered areas relating to, directors remuneration, audit and accountability, relations with individual and institutional shareholders and their responsibilities. It also laid down the code governing the operations and structures of the board Jill (2 007 p.300). In 2002, remuneration report were introduced which were intended to further solidify the shareholders powers with regard to the directors pay. In accession to directors pay, the regulations resulted in shareholders obtaining other important information such as performance graphs. The shareholders were allowed to vote in an advisory capacity in approving directors, remuneration report. The code was revised again in 2003, and added to

Module 4 Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Module 4 Case - Assignment ExampleIn effectuate for the delivery cycle of the trucks to be regulated in a manner that utilizes time the best, the arrival time intervals atomic bit 18 left as they are since the trucks are not be driven any faster to accomplish the need for better time management (Wilco, n.d.).Based on the principles of linear programming, it is inquired that the number of arrivals be provided with a more efficient unloading period such that more trucks can be unloaded at the same time. The current data indicates that the 83.333% capacity utilization is capable of providing room for a larger number of arrivals besides the current rate of 3.5. The issues facing the delivery system involve the underutilization of the system. startle with the current single-server situation, The attached MS Excel file, single-server, shows that the maximum number of trucks that can be handled at a 95.89% is 22.374% out of a essence number of 23.33% (see slacken 1). This data shows that at any given time during the working hours, 22.374% trucks will be waiting in a queue while a total of 23.33% will be accounted for. In order to achieve this score, the server takes into consideration the change in supporter rate from the current 4.2 to 3.65. The change in service rate amplifies the number of trucks serviced in an hour since the reduced servicing rate means more trucks can be unloaded in an hour. Based on the previous data, only 4.2 trucks can be unloaded in an hour and only 3.5 trucks are unloaded within the hour. This shows that reducing the servicing rate would require the reallocation of the servicing personnel as there are fewer trucks to unload unlike the number of arrivals.However, provided that various situations lead to the underutilization of capacity, the probabilities that 5, 6, and 7 trucks will be in queue at the same time takes three assumptions into account. Firstly, there are no changes in the arrival rate, 3.5 trucks per hour, and

Biography of Paulo Coelho Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biography of Paulo Coelho - Essay ExampleHis first controls were widely performed by Elis Regina but he received much of his artistic and commercial success on collaborations with Raul Seixas.Writings- Although Coelho had written many prunes in the 1970s his breakout work was The Pilgrimage in 1987. This autobiographical work outlined his spiritual journey wherein he walked the 500 mile Way of Saint James in Spain. His take note up book, the Alchamist (released in 1987) helped cement him as one of the great writers of this generation.Philosophical and spiritual views In an interview conducted on his own blog, he identifies that although he was formerly an atheist and a Buddhist he has since returned to Catholicism. He identifies that he has tried everything that there is and stated that all religions have the same objective.File Sharing- Coehlo is a larger proponent for file sharing technology as a means of spreading his work. He releases much of his person-to-person work on hi s blog and had permitted personal translations of his works to be republished.Current life He founded the Paulo Coelho Institute which provides financial assistance to needy people and has aided in a number of charitable causes. He lives in Rio de Janiero and occasionally in Europe. He is married to Christina Oiticica whi is a Brazilian Artist.Summary Paulo Coelho is a Brazilian Lyracist and writer. He was born in Rio de Janeiro, and he was given a traditional Jesuit education as a young man. Because of prolonged disagreements with his mother over his future career path he subsequently spent a portion of his youth in an insane asylum. According to an interview that appeared on his blog (2007) he identified that he had been act to an insane asylum three times for his non-conformist beliefs. Although he had a brief stint at law school he ultimately dropped out to work as a lyricist in which he received commercial and artistic notoriety working with artists such as Elis Regina and Ra ul Seixas.It is upon this foundation

Nigeria and Canada are two places I have lived in, they are however so Essay

Nigeria and Canada are twain places I have lived in, they are even so different in a lot of ways - Essay ExampleSome provinces have both Goods and Services Tax (GST) and Provincial gross sales Tax (PST), some have just Provincial Sales Tax (PST) and yet some have the Harmonized Sales Tax (HST). The bottom atmosphere is that goods and services are taxable in Canada.Taxes are not paid on items purchased or on services utilized in Nigeria. It is only the authentic price of the good or service that is paid for at any point in time. Nigeria operates a non-tax method of payment on goods and services.Canada and Nigeria are two countries that are so different in their methods of operation. One appears to be one extreme from the other in the way things are done. I have lived in both of them and have observed the clear differences.I think the differences have to do with the fact that Nigeria is a Third world country, while Canada is a substantial country. I dont wholly accept the way Can ada operates as compared to Nigeria and Vice Versa, I however, appreciate some policies of Canada and those of Nigeria.They are unique in themselves and prove to be very interesting places to

Web pages content Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Web pages matter - Essay ExampleSimply put, we do not merely provide web content writing for people to read as we excel in providing online content that do not merely offer information or serve as fillers and cache to your web template. While our products are designed primarily to be informative but on top of this they function as web tools that would aim our clients increased web traffic and returning visitors. An example of this is our integrated SEO gains which you could learn to a greater extent in this page. We believe in the efficacy of getting our clients complex in their web pages content and cache development. There is an existing digital networked medium in place the internet which allows for fast, cheap and real time communion over long distances. We take advantage of this tool in order to have our online content writing projects become products of collaborative activity.We want to know how we may be able to help your needs. We have specific content solutions avail able for you and you may request a price quote or order this service in this link. We offer a full money-back guarantee policy to ensure that your project get the attention and quality assurance it deserves. Remember that with us, you get more than just web pages content.Article Writingof interactive media which entails article writing as an integral part of an audio and visual experience alongside the various tools and applications found in the web and other media which empowers the users or the readers in terms of interactivity that has never existed before.

Career Planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Career Planning - Essay ExampleThe duties of a Market questioner almost match with my go interests. The job is almost all rough dealing with data. This involves planning, control, implementation, reports, and analysis. To be specific, it involves the study of what people buy, require, think, and do. And the findings of such study usually help companies to identify the factors affecting harvest demand and overly the potential markets of the firm. I am genuinely good at studying the client related topics and also advising the related people about making use of the research findings. I am aware of the possible challenges associated with meeting this plan. I have studied Accounting and Finance as master(prenominal) subjects but if I want to concentrate on the Marketing field, I have to educate qualities like good communication skill, awareness of the latest trends, and also should be familiar with the latest technologies. Minimum knowledge in psychology is also needed while handl ing the issues of different people. I admit that my knowledge and experience with regard to HR and consumer behaviour is incomplete or unsatisfying and therefore I will have to face more challenges. When I started workings in the banking field, I could realize that I had much more to learn and expertise in trade strategy. I am sure that my MSc in Strategic Marketing from the worlds most renowned institution will make me capable of addressing all the challenges in my profession. Generally, the academic and cultural heritage of an institution determines the level of nourishment it can provide for the overall development of its students. I admire the Imperial Colleges great legacy of 100 eld of teaching. Since the college specializes in most prominent areas such as Science, Engineering, Medicine and Business, it has contributed so many legends to the world include Nobel Prize winners, great scientists, world famous designers, actors and poets. I would like to stick to the same prof ession improving myself day by day. I am aware that the carrier progression in Market Research depends on ones merits and experience. With regard to my long term plan, I would like to attain the post of Account Director of a well complete firm in UK. Since my carrier started in the banking sector, I am willing to choose my long term carrier in the very sector. I accept that the post of an Account director will help me utilize my full potential. In todays business environment, launching the right product in the right time and at the right place is a key factor to the success of a company. It requires accurate forecasting, which is evidently one of the responsibilities of the accounting director. another(prenominal) responsibility of the faculty is to ensure return on every investment, which is possible only by maintaining strict budgeting controls. It depends on the competency of an accounting manger if a firm can have its own unique way of business development. A company can devel op its own distinct way of marketing only if the accounting manger and his crew are innovative and adaptive. This task lies between the planning session and the ultimate feedback on retail reality. Admittedly, my goal of achieving my desired designation is not very easy. It requires several skills. In the case of my short term plan as a Market Researcher, I must develop an analytical mind along with thorough knowledge in statistics, psychology, and behavioural science. A market researcher

The Opportunities and Challenges of Contemporary Public Health Policy Essay

The Opportunities and Challenges of Contemporary Public Health Policy for Specialist corporation Public Health Nursing - Essay ExampleThis paper is a decisive review of the available literature on specialist community exoteric wellness policy in England as applicable to wellness visiting. Some of the more recent position papers along with several research papers on the role of health visiting nurses, their qualifications and skills and the relevant policies will be reviewed. The advantages of health visiting to the target segment and the various challenges faced by health visitors as well the administration will also be discussed to understand the health visiting environment in England. Specialist community health policy in England Despite recognizing the importance of public health promotion and preventative strategies finished community redacttings, public health issues concerning health visiting still remains a subject that attracts much attention. Health visiting may have e volved from barely being concerned with sanitation to addressing maternal and child welfare it is now being touted as the most essential of services in the realm of public health. Today, health visiting in England and UK as in other countries is being given the importance that it demands. This concept of health visiting primarily focuses on generating sentience among individuals, families and communities as a whole of the importance of ensuring the wellness of both the child and the family (Carr et al, 2012). However, there is an increasing awareness among practitioners and policy makers alike of the need for effective policies and performance strategies to cater to the demanding and more complex needs of the changing community settings which are more heading towards being multi-ethnic and diverse in nature. There is recite of a multi-pronged approach to developing health visiting services in England. This can be seen from the initiative by National Health Services (NHS) in gath ering evidence base for improving public health based on a three- degree structure that takes in to account the strategic directions set by a board of advisors in collecting the evidence base, dividing the work based on reference group and forming of user panels to establish a framework for valuation of the evidence base (Bull et al, 2004). The Royal College of Nurisng (RCN), UKs largest association of nurses, midwives, health visitors and other practitioners has published a position paper on health visiting (Pillars of the Community the RCN UK position on the development of the registered nursing workforce in the community) which has since been instrumental in contributing to the decision of the Department of Health to endorse the bond governments pledge to increase the number of health visitors from 8000 to more than 12000 (an increase by 4200) and also the Health Visitor implementation Plan set to guide and strengthen health visiting service in the country, as part of the A Cal l to action 2011 publication that endorses a four tier model Community Universal Universal Plus and Universal Partnership Plus (Health Visiting Services & Public Health Nursing a address document, 2012). Concerns have been raised on the role of health nurses in the community settings where it seemed to take on the role of surveillance more than support to the families of the different communities. However, specialist community

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper Essay Example for Free

Lifespan Development Psychology Paper EssayLifespan Development Paper When studying the Lifespan Developmental stages end-to-end Chapter 1 of our textbook, I began to realize that I have traveled down some of the same common paths as my personal idols. Although most were dead spacious before I was ever conceived, I find it rather fascinating. The textbook states that Lifespan perspective is defined as emotional statelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual, and as a process that involves growth, maintenance, and normal of loss.The human life expectancy has truly surpassed all other living animals from a house mouse that has a life span of a scrimpy 3 years, to an Indian elephant that can live to be 70 years. Jeanne Calmet, who was the oldest living person, was born in Arles, France was born February 21, 1875 and died August 4, 1997. She was 122 years and 164 days old at the time of her death. Although most would love to live as l ong of life as Mrs. Calmet, that is somewhat unrealistic. The average life expectancy for people living in spite of appearance the United States of America is 78 years of age.That is a humungous leap from the average life expectancy of a man who lived during the Pre-historic which was the early age of 18. People go through many disparate changes as the world is ever changing. There atomic number 18 three different types of influences which include 1) normative age-graded influences, 2) normative history-graded influences, and 3) nonnormative or highly individualized life events. Examples of normative age-graded influences are things that people of the same age go through together. Lets take my twin sister and me as an example.At the early age of 1, we deuce began walking with 2 weeks of one another. Although not at the same time, we both were starting our menstrual cycles both at the age of 11 years old. In life we exit experience menopause around the same time, and possibly e ven retirement inside a short time between each other. Examples of normative history-graded influences would be people who have experienced history changing events with one another. How about two mothers who may live on the opposite sides of the United States, but both lost children as a result to fighting over in Afghanistan.They will never know one another but they will have a similar bond because they went through a similar event. Another would be the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Even I will never forget where I was and what I was doing on that fateful day. Lastly, examples of nonnormative or highly individualized life events could be anything from hitting it rich with the lottery, to an unexpected, devastating event like Hurricane Katrina. It may not have happened to all of us, but it influenced us all in different ways.When I began reading the part in Chapter 1 that was titled, Womens Struggle for Equality An International Journey, I was truly astonished by the figu res. It is wistful when I look around my neighborhood, and think that one in every six of these homes, a person is/was abused by their partner. Last weekend, my 10 year old son and I witnessed physical abuse as a girl was being drug as she was attempting to get into the passenger side of a vehicle while at our local Burger King. Then the teenage boyfriend began slapping her. My son and I were panicking to help this young girl whom we didnt even know.I immediately called 9-1-1 and reported it to the authorities. The police arrived before we even left the parking lot, and I pray that this girl knows her worth in life, and realizes that she deserves better than that. The story in our textbook about Doly Akter, who is only 17 years of age and has lived her life in the slums of Bangladesh, is stepping out to do her part to help make her community a better one. She has created a club that is sponsored by UNICEF and goes door to door to monitor the hygiene and health of her neighbors.With her help, along with others that are a part of this phenomenal club, they are already seeing a major improvement in peoples health and hygiene. To make this story even better, she is talking to parents of girls to explain that arrange child marriages are not always in the best interest of these young ladies and staying in school will improve the lives of these girls. Health care in America has done amazing things for their citizens but still has a long way to go. I dont want to imagine that when I rifle older, I only have a 52% chance of receiving the recommended proper care to treat something as important as heart disease.Along with the organisation regulated Medicare, and improper care for the millions of senior citizens in the United States, I can only hope that it gets better and fast to help these people. With the (2) factors that show that at presents senior citizens need our help more know that decades earlier, it should be our duty and privilege to help them. Going to y our local Senior living forwardness and seeing the many, who have no spouses still living, or no family to talk to, they are forced to go through their later part of life, not really communicating with others.

Should Defendants with Traumatic Brain Injuries Be Held Accountable for Their Actions Essay Example for Free

Should Defendants with scathetic Brain Injuries Be Held Accountable for Their Actions EssaySix weeks after acquire his drivers license, Christopher Tiegreen was in a car collision near his home in Gainesville, Ga. Tiegreens Isuzu Trooper flipped several times, causing severe place injuries. A month later, Tiegreen emerged from a coma a distinct person. The impact of the crash caused damage to the frontal lobe of his point and sheargond his brain stem. During his recovery and rehabilitation, the normally gentle Tiegreen became furious toward his mother, as well as with other family members and rehab staff. On Sept. 1, 2009, Tiegreen walked out of a duplex apartment where he was supposed to be down the stairs 24-hour supervision. In a yard nearby he attacked a young wo domain holding her 20-month-old son. He was charged with aggravated assault, criminal attempt to excite a felony, false imprisonment, battery, sexual battery and cruelty to a child in the third degree. (Davi s, 2012). Is Christopher Tiegreen a different person now, with a severely stricken mental capacity, because of his traumatic brain injury, or is he just an angry, violent person who has simply committed his first villainy?More succinctly do Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI) cause violent behavior in previously normal multitude, or is the TBI personality change simply a smoke binding being used to defend people with dangerous personality traits who happen to have a brain injury? To begin with, a definition of Traumatic Brain disgrace, especially as opposed to a head injury, as most people do confuse the two. The Mayo Clinic defines Traumatic Brain Injury as Traumatic brain injury occurs when an external mechanical force causes brain dysfunction. The Mayo Clinic, 2012). Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object penetrating the skull, such as a bullet or shattered piece of skull, likewise can cause traumatic brain injury. (Th e Mayo Clinic, 2012). A Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is non a head injury, it is not a concussion nor an injury to the skull or spine it is exclusively an injury the brain (and/or brain stem). With the definition clear, we see that the statistics regarding TBIs are shocking Dr.William Winslade provides the following maturation from 2003, Traumatic brain injury for decades has been, and continues to be, a major public health job in the United States. Car crashes, gunshot wounds, falls and sports injuries account for two million brain injuries a year, nearly 400,000 hospital admissions, and at least 60,000 deaths. Approximately 90,000 people suffer a severe brain injury and lead but require extended, expensive rehabilitation. approximately 2,000 people a year lapse into permanent unconsciousness lasting for months or years before they die. (Winslade, 2003).Some survivors of traumatic brain injury fully recover, but m each others experience a multitude of cognitive, emotional an d behavioral disabilities. (Winslade, 2003). As a survivor of a traumatic Brain Injury, the unhurried faces a myriad of recovery issues, not simply medical issues such as headaches, lethargy, pain in the distal limbs, nomenclature issues, attention deficit and memory loss may affect cognitive functioning. Per Dr. William Winslade, an expert on Traumatic Brain Injuries the changes in an individual with a TBI are profound and noticeable Personality changes are common.Those who were calm and affirmled may become quick-tempered and impulsive. In some people anger erupts into aggressive attacks on others. umteen with severe brain injuries lack the ability to control their thoughts, emotions, impulses and their conduct. They may become uninhibited, promiscuous, anxious, paranoid or violent. (Winslade, 2003). It is precisely these personality changes that makes Traumatic Brain Injuries so different from head injuries such as concussions, which do not present any marked changes is per sonality.Courts in the United States have increasingly been faced with the question as to whether or not the profound changes that are associated with TBIs should be considered a mitigating factor in trying defendants with the injury, or in determining what their sentences should be and where they should serve their time, if any in a prison or in a mental health facility. According to Duke University researcher Nita Farahany, the number of cases in which judges have menti stard neuroscience consequence in their opinion increased from 112 in 2007 to more than than 1,500 in 2011. (Koebler, 2012).The use of neuroscience in the courtroom is definitely increasing, Nita Farahany has been tracking criminal cases in which lawyers have introduced neuroscientific turn out since 2004. By combing legal opinions, shes found near 2,000 examples, with 600 of those cases in 2011 alone. (Davis, 2012). While attorneys have tried to win cases based on the lack of control over impulses based on t he defendant having a TBI, The biggest way in which neuroscience is being used in the courtroom is to mitigate punishment in one way or another, Farahany says, adding that its almost exclusively used in death penalty cases. They say they have a history of brain injury and trauma to say I have a different brain than the average person. Because of that difference, I have less control over myself. (Koebler, 2012).While medical scan, such as CAT scans and MRIs can show a difference in the appearance of the brain itself, there is scant evidence that these damaged brains are genuinely the cause of crimes committed by defendants suffering from a personality change brought on by a Traumatic Brain Injury. The science behind these brain scans is still in its infancy, but neuroscientists point to anecdotal evidence that traumatic brain injury or brain abnormalities can cause criminal behavior. (Koebler, 2012). at that place is a case that many legal professionals point to when arguing the point for special consideration when trying or sentencing a defendant with a TBI. In 2002, a 40-year-old Virginia teacher was caught viewing child pornography and making advances on his stepdaughter. He was convicted of child molestation, but the night before he went to jail, he went to the twist with a crippling headache and confessed he might commit rape.Doctors found something they didnt expect A brain tumor. The cancerous tumor was putting pressure on his orbifrontal cortex, which controls impulse and judgment. The tumor was removed, and the man no longer exhibited pedophilic tendencies. (Koebler, 2012). The fact that is most persuasive with this case is the fact that once the tumor, and the pressure it was exerting on the orbifrontal cortex, were removed the patient no longer exhibited any pedophilic tendencies. Could this be the answer to whether or not TBIs do so adversely affect individuals that the personality changes they exhibit should not be held against them in the l egal forum?Not necessarily. Daniel Martell, a forensic neuropsychologist who examined Weinstein and testified for the prosecution, says the brain images were nothing more than fancy pictures meant to stir a jury. It was the Christmas tree effect, Martell says. Lots of people ooh and aah at the pictures. It doesnt tell you anything about a persons behavior. (Davis, 2012). Martell makes the point that many attorneys take when faced with opposing counsel who is presenting the TBI demur, stating that the profound changes in persons with TBIs should be a mitigating factor in trials and during sentencing. That hasnt stopped defense attorneys from trying to introduce evidence of damaged brains into the courtroom, including brain scans. One such case, a great deal cited in law and neuroscience journals, is that of New York advertising executive Herbert Weinstein, 65, who was arrested on charges that he strangled his second wife, Barbara, and threw her out the window of their 12th-floor M anhattan apartment in 1991 during an argument about their children. Weinstein never denied killing his wife.His lawyer, Diarmuid White, argued that Weinstein was not himself due to an arachnoid cyst on his brain. White contended that the cyst caused pressure on part of Weinsteins temporal lobe, flexile his self-control and emotional regulation. Zachary Weiss, the New York City district attorney who prosecuted the case, thought it was simply a matter of a man getting angry at his wife and killing her. That was until White sent him the brain scan during discovery. I got this picture in the mail and thought youve got to be joking, Weiss recalls. It got complicated. I called this the rich mans defense. Whether Weinsteins brain made him do it or not, Weiss believes the case was important.It opened up a pass on academically about responsibility and excuse will, and how we evaluate scientific evidence, says Weiss, twenty years after the case Martell still believes brain scans dont expl ain specific behaviors. The problem is that the science has not come along to support what the scan means, says Martell, now a Newport Beach, Calif. based consultant for criminal as well as civil cases. Since the 90s, weve been much break at generating the cool pictures than we are at explaining what they mean. (Davis, 2012). The opinion that Martell expresses about TBIs is not rare many in the legal profession see the whole TBI debate as another smoke and mirror defense on par with the famous Twinkie defense interesting and impressive in the courtroom, but lacking in any real legal merit. There is a group of individuals whose TBIs are taken into special onsideration combat veterinarys. Among the growing number of cases involving neuroscientific evidence are those that have-to doe with combat veterans from Afghanistan and Iraq as defendants. (Davis, 2012).Dr. Chrisanne Gordon, a Columbus, Ohio, rehabilitation medicine specialist who works with brain-injured vets, is one of thre e authors who wrote a chapter about traumatic brain injury. Theyre not insane, theyre not retarded, but they frequently have issues with impulse control and fall through the cracks of the legal system, she says. (Davis, 2012). Combat veterans pose a desperate problem for the court systems judging them as defendants because their injuries are usually combat related most people view them with a particular amount of sympathy because they certain their injury in a heroic manner serving the country. Agreeing that veterans legal situations are difficult to handle, at best, it has been suggested that courts need to view veterans with an air of compassion.There are courts who are taking definitive steps when dealing with combat veterans with TBIs who have ended up as defendants. One of veterans biggest allies in Ohio is state Supreme Court Justice Evelyn Stratton, who plans to work full time with veterans justice issues after she retires later this year. She supports the development of mor e veterans treatment courts and hopes to change sentencing guidelines to ensure judges in all courts look at a defendants military service record. We sine qua non them to look at war experience as mitigation, she says. And we want them at least to look at the causes of what happened. (Davis, 2012). Traumatic Brain Injuries are not childlike to define and apply to a law principle they allow that a defendant can be found not guilty of a crime because of their mental health issues, saying, in essence, that the defendant is not responsible for their crime because they had no real understanding of their actions or the consequences thereof.It will take many more years of research, to produce empirical evidence to supplement the anecdotal evidence that does exist, to determine if the dramatic personality changes that patients with Traumatic Brain Injuries exhibit, has the brain been so physically damaged that the victims of TBIs are no longer able to control themselves, or is the Trauma tic Brain Injury defense simply a criminal defense flavor of the week.

Role of the church in secular concerns of its congregants Essay Example for Free

Role of the church in secular concerns of its congregants EssayAs famed and important as the role of the swart church in inspiring community service by its congregants is the service provided by the church for its congregants secular concerns. church building programs fuck often encompass all areas of a congregants secular life. Social interaction and personal relationships are fostered among the congregation social services much(prenominal) as youth ministry and care for adolescents, literacy programs, economic development programs and physical and mental health programs are provided traditional ministeral services such as trouble counseling and marriage counseling are also benefits of the membership in the B privation church. Many of these services have been the subject of acquire and inquiry in recent years, and a review of extant literature can provide insight into the role of the modern Black church.PHYSICAL HEALTH PROGRAMS Health and hang-up care programs are som e of the most important secular program offered by Black churches to their congregations.The health picture of Afro-Americans is grim higher rates of diabetes and tinder disease, lower birth rates and life expectancies, higher infant mortality, and higher rates of psychological problems are all exacerbated by lower levels of health indemnification coverage and racial discrimination in health care (NEEDS CITE). Church-based health programs are a vital resource for the underserved population of the church community.The Los Angeles Mammography Promotion in Churches Program, a Los Angeles area health initiative sponsored by the RAND Corporation, which targeted an underserved population (older Black women) for health screening care including mammograms, ran from 1996 to 1998, with 18 Black churches participating. The aims of the study were twofold oneness, to lay the feasibility of churches as focal points for community health programs and two, to test the effectiveness of church-ba sed programs aimed at increasing preventative health care access to underserved populations.The authors considered that the church can be an important conduit through which to inform racial/ethnic minorities about preventative care, and that the Black church, because of its ethic of service to others, is peculiar(prenominal)ly well-suited for health promotion (Markens , 2005, 805). The authors of the study, Markens, Fox, Teub and gibibyte (2002), surveyed the pastors of 16 of the churches upon completion of the program to determine the effectiveness of the program and its implementation.The survey illuminated not only the effectiveness and immensity of church-based health care programs for the Black community, but many a(prenominal) of the problems with implementation and participation in these programs. The authors note that given its historical and ongoing roles within the Black community, the church is an ideal setting in which to offer health promotion activities for African -Americans (2002, 805). In order to obtain answers about the church leaders perspective on the effectiveness of the program, the authors of the study interviewed xvi of eighteen pastors of the church where the program was implemented two of the pastors were excluded due to their short tenure with their churches, which meant that they had not been substantially involved in the program. The authors found that most of the pastors were mainly enthusiastic and positive about the program and their churchs participation in it however, there were also a number of criticisms of the study.The authors noted that what drew many of the pastors to participate in the study was their holistic approach to ministry. One participant, lofty Henry, said I try to have a holistic ministry, one that not only deals with the soul but the body as well there are many facets to us that make up whole mess, and each one needs to be dealt with and the church can be a focal point in dealing with the needs of th e whole person I savour very strongly that the physical wellbeing of the person is as important as their sacred wellbeing. (Markens , 2002, 807).Some participants in the study went even further than Reverend Henry, expressing a dislike of the idea of the separation of spiritual and secular concerns and explicitly linking spiritual and physical health. Reverend Ellington, another participant, remarks there are a get by of people because of a spiritual mentality, they believe that the Lord will do everything and they really dont have to be overzealous about doing anything so you have to keep telling them that the doctor is there because God put him here. So then youre supposed to utilize that source.And so thats my multifariousness of emphasis, that I keep people interested in their whole body. (Markens , 2002, 807). More pragmatically, many participants recognized that physical health was important to the congregation because it could affect spiritual goals. Reverend Henry noted if you dont keep people alive, youre not going to have a congregation All the respondents to the study took the health of their congregation seriously, and considered it to be a matter of pastoral concern, disputing the idea that it was a secular matter (Markens , 2002, 808).One participant in the study, Reverend Hill, echoed a common sen judgment of convictionnt when he remarked the only reason for a church to be in existence is to better the community otherwise, its not a church (Markens , 2002, 807). The eagerness and appreciation of community projects was a common attitude among the survey respondents. In a number of churches, the Los Angeles Mammography Promotion in Churches Program served as a gatekeeper for other church-based community health programs, often instigated or arranged by church members and pastors who observed the success of the mammography program.Programs such as diabetes and line of merchandise pressure screenings, health fairs and even the establishment of p ermanent Health Committees and Bible aerobics (a combination of a low-impact aerobics program with Bible study) were put into fix in the participating churches, widening the congregations access to preventative health screening and care (Markens , 2002, 807). Not all of the responses to Markens study were positive. in that location were a number of barriers to care and the success of the program cited in the pastoral survey.The most common thread was lack of time on the part of the pastor to oversee the program the responses speak to a larger problem within the church, that of high-stress leadership positions within the church. Reverend Hill stated pastoring is one of the most nerve-racking positions in America Mainly because youre constantly on the go and consistently on call in the electronic age, you have a pager on either side, you have a cell phone in your hand.You gotta check your email every day. And every time the phone rings youre concerned youre looking at a stressful society. (Markens , 2002, 808). At the same time, the presence of the pastor is extremely important in the Black church, people want to hear the voice of the leader some things just cannot be delegated ((Markens , 2002, 808). There were other problems with the study that did not depend on the amount of time the pastor could devote to overseeing it.The smaller churches in the study didnt have a lot of resources to draw on for financial support, which complicated administration of the program (many of the pastors worked second jobs in addition to overseeing the administration of the church. ) As the authors note, Ironically, then, the Black churchs history of involvement in community and secular activities that makes them ideal sites for health interventions can at the same time possibly affect a pastors willingness to participate in new health programs (808). Finally, the very lack of formal programs and secular support for the congregations health care affected the involvement of the congregation in the health intervention program. The combination of a lack of accustomed medical care, particularly preventative care and screening available to more affluent members of society, and a history of exploitation and abuse among the root resulted in an unwillingness to participate in a research study, regardless of how worthy it was (Markens , 2002, 809).The power of the Black church, although considerable, is not always enough to overcome the immaterial pressure of the dominant culture. Another project that undertook a community health initiative within a Black church was endure DIRECT (Diabetes Interventions range and Educating Communities Together). Project DIRECT, a federally funded research project sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Reid , 569).Project DIRECT was founded in 1994 in southeast Raleigh, compass north Carolina,, with the intended purpose of providing community care, education, screening and prevention resources in orde r to reduce the high rate of type II diabetes experienced within the African-American community in the region. This research project also examined the influence of another African-American institution, the historically Black university North Carolina Central University (NCCU), located in Raleigh, as a resource for community health programs.Reid state, Historically, African American people have turned to the church for information about services of value and importance to them (571). The authors note that the study was designed to take into account the fact that churches often have limited resources and are often overwhelmed with requests to participate in community health studies careful organization of the study was required to avoid negatively impacting the pastor and outreach ability.The demographic profile of the church was considered more important for targeting church participation than the designation of the church however, there was no easy way to determine the demographic profile of any given church. In order to determine this, NCCU students participating in the study attended services at the church (with the pastors prior knowledge), and introduced themselves as Project DIRECT staffers during the fellowship time, discussing the project with those who showed an interest in it.The researcher observation allowed the Project to create a congregational health assessment tool ( berate) used to determine the needs of the demographic served by the particular church, followed by a congregational health action plan (CHAP), customized to the churchs demographic. Church leaders were then engaged in providing their congregation with the seize contacts for education and management of type II diabetes within their congregation.The authors note that the outcome was positive several churches reorganized or supplemented their health and social ministries on the findings of the CHAT and CHAP, and pastor response was positive. The interaction between the NCCU student s and the church leaders and congregation was also noted as a positive outcome by the researchers the Project DIRECT experience precipitated the founding of an interdepartmental masters program in Community Health at NCCU, using the lessons learned to create a professional community health coordinator skill set within the community.